Background and objectives: Nowadays, landfilling is most common method in many countries owing to lower cost and adaptation to wide range of solid waste. Site selection of landfill requires evaluating several parameters such as municipal government requirements, environmental regulations and a large number of quantitative and qualitative criteria. The aim of current study was to compare AHP and TOPSIS in landfill site selection. For this purpose, two mentioned methods were applied to select suitable site in Karaj.Materials and methods: In present study, 4 candidate sites in south of Karaj were selected for landfill by overlaying data layers (digital maps) and query functions in Arc GIS 9.2. Prioritizations between alternatives were conducted by AHP and TOPSIS technique according to the criteria mentioned. Eventually, we compared and evaluated the AHP results and TOPSIS results with each other. Result: According to AHP, site prioritization was 3, 2, 4, 1 respectively whereas, in the case of TOPSIS, it was ranked 4, 3, 2, 1, respectively. These results showed that both methods are suitable to determine site priority.Conclusion: As in AHP, alternatives are compared with respect to goal and criteria, consequently it has better precision and higher accuracy and confidence compared with TOPSIS.

Background: Hospitals as the important part in providing health services to people considered as the first referral place for healthcare in crises; therefore, hospitals site selection in a wrong place leads to both irrecoverable financial losses and human casualties. However, due to the significance of these applications in crisis, the importance of paying attention to the proper principles and criteria become more and more based on passive defense approach in hospitals site selection. This study aims to determine the importance items in the site selection of hospitals using passive defense approach.Method: In this review study, the library method and internet searching from databases and specialized journals related to passive defense and site selection of hospitals and etc.have been used.Findings: According to the results, selection of a hospital location should be secure and far from incompatible uses. The most significant cases in site selection of hospitals using passive defense approach are as follows: safety of hospital site selection (avoiding of hazardous areas); access to high-speed routes and subway, proximity to densely populated areas, city scattering, proximity to green and open spaces and firefighting centers and away from faults and rivers.Conclusion: The results show that an appropriate site selection is one of the most important factors in success of a healthcare center. Thus, in order to respond affected people in times of crisis, the hospital site selection should be chosen in order to minimize damages during natural and manmade disasters and affected people should have easy access.

Today’ s situation in cities requires that planned parks be set up to create ecological equilibrium. The current study was aimed to identify suitable zones for establishing ecoparks in the central region of Isfahan province; this was done using seven effective criteria including topography, landscape, climate, rock and soil, water resources, environmental sensitivity, and accessibility. The weights of the criteria and the subcriteria were obtained using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with expert opinions. All layers were combined using weighted linear combination (WLC) and the land suitability maps for ecoparks were produced. After evaluating and prioritizing suitable zones, finally, the zone with an area of 85. 2 hectares, which was located in the Bag Bahadoran district and adjacent to the Zayanderood River, was selected as the most suitable one due to its larger area, more access to the welfare facilities, and higher ecological potentials. Also, the results obtained from overlaying the ecopark’ s land suitability map and the map of existing parks in the region suggested that Sararud coastal park, in Mobarakeh, and the coastal park, in Zarrin Shahr, can be suitable places for establishing ecopark in the region.

Population of Sanandaj city was 340000 people in 2001, and this city with that population was creating 714 t/garbage in every day. From the several different ways to repulse of urban solid wastages, method of burial was the most important way that municipal of city to have recommended since 30 years ago. The results of this research display that the previous sites for burial the garbage were much better than the new one. Because in this have been ignore many of criteria and principle of choosing Place. So that is predictable that damaging affects falling out in environment. In this study, using different criteria such as distance from the city, street network and airport, Land use, land suitability, rural & community settlements, urban infrastructure, mineral, density of population, trend and pattern of physical development, conditions of rainfall and Groundwater, wind aspect, fault lines, soils, elevation (Triangular Irregular Network or Tin), slops, geology and so on. These parameters in special models fuzzy logic are composed and selected the best place presentation in 3 alternatives. They are located in the northeast of Sanandaj city. Finally, Site suggests is shown in map and Sanandaj Landsat image (ETM+ 2002).

The present paper investigates the impact of tall buildings on urban environment considering function, aesthetic, confinement and other aspects. The impacts of tall buildings considering aspects such as height, form, privacy and scale is also studied. This paper provides some criteria and proposals regarding proper site selection for tall building, and some regulations on construction of such buildings in Iran.      

Isfahan province as a tourism hub and location at the crossroads of northern and southern corridor, the impact on the development and stability of the country. This study aims to evaluate the spatial dispersion of hotels in Isfahan province, its role in the development of domestic tourism in order to increase economic profit, social, cultural and environmental tourism, the tourism industry to the current planning and direction Future investments in established hotel with spatial planning approach formulated. The main purpose of this study was to survey the spatial dispersion of hotels in Isfahan Province and its role in the development of domestic tourism. The study, depending on the target application and the nature and methods of descriptive research, analytical and solidarity. The sample consisted of experts Administration of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Isfahan province are university professors and consultants. In this study, experts in population due to the low volume of population, almost the entire population were selected and sampling have been carried out. The method of collecting data in this study, library research and field study (questionnaire). The analysis and rating of effective factors in the development of domestic tourism model was used TOPSISS. The results show that the spatial dispersion of effective development of domestic tourism hotels in Isfahan province. The results of this survey point out the significance of the relationship between spatial arrangement of hotels and their occupancy rate noted. The results could Administration of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Isfahan province, the Housing and Urban Development, and the governments of the province and municipalities, investors, academic institutions and students and researchers interested in this field is used.

Nowadays “Passive Defense” is very important in urban management and Militarism, because we can reduce damages from enemies attack by complying with its rules. Making urban shelters is one of important actions to reduce human casualties. Making urban shelters have its rules. Finding the best place in city is one of these rules which should be complied. The shelter must be created in place that people can reach very fast in the crisis. In this paper urban shelter site-selecting implemented using multi criteria decision making algorithms with passive defense approaches. In the first step, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used in order to determine the weight of each criterion. Then, we use fuzzy logic functions to produce fuzzificated factor maps. Finally, we utilize TOPSIS algorithm to evaluate all the points of city and create assessment map. Zahedan (in the southeast in Iran) is chosen as case study. In this paper 39 layers (map) gathered and categorized into 15 factor. Most weight is dedicated to “Distance from important points” (23%) and lowest weight is dedicated to “slope” (1%). The results shows most areas in the east and the north and center of the city are not suitable places to build urban shelters since several inappropriate factors like “Distance to fault”, “Distance to Old buildings”, “Distance to dangerous area”, “Distance to rivers”, “Distance to under waters” and “Distance to high voltages power lines” are focused in these areas and intensify the effect of each other’s. And the west area in the city (and some small limited areas in northeast and southeast) is suitable for urban shelter.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The use of traditional site selection methods for potential irrigation schemes is so common in Malawi. The overdependence of these methods has had significant consequences on the environment such as pollution, siltation, and land degradation and soil erosion. Traditional selection of irrigation sites is a complex task which is time-consuming, costly and involves collection of a lot of data sets. However, advances in Geographic Information Systems present an opportunity to easily integrate complex systems involving a lot of data sets. The objective of this study was to identify potential areas for irrigation farming in Kasungu district in Malawi using hybrid spatial datasets. METHODS: Multi criteria decision analysis approach was used in Arc GIS 10. 8 to analyze datasets such as slopes, rivers, land use, soil types, soil depths, water quality, water quantity and drainage patterns. A questionnaire was used to solicit expert views on factors to consider when siting feasible irrigation areas. FINDINGS: This study observed that the use of Geographic Information System in irrigation site selection is flexible and time efficient due to its ability of handling complex and huge volume of datasets. Moreover, the produced maps enhanced an easy understanding of the identified areas hence providing an aid to making right decisions in environmental management. The study found that in Kasungu district, 36. 9% of the land is highly suitable, 20. 7% is moderately suitable, 33. 1% is lowly suitable and 9. 3% is not suitable for irrigation. CONCLUSION: This paper provides good information on promoting the utilization of GIS to solve site selection problems in a bid to reduce soil erosion, pollution and improve land management. The study recommends the promotion of using GIS in government agencies for better decision-making in sustainable irrigation development. The scientific approach used in this study can also be extrapolated in the assessment and evaluation of water resources in Malawi.